E-SCu (Santiago de Compostela) Ms 609

Description: 

Psalterium (psalter, ff. 6r-134v), liber canticorum (book of canticles, ff. 135r-206r, including one of the two surviving Old Hispanic litanies of saints in ff. 198v-199v; the other one is in E-SAu Ms 2668) and liber horarum (i.e. type of Old Hispanic book containing the liturgy for the minor hours observed in the monastic cursus, ff. 207v-224v; ff. 206v-207r are blank); the liber horarum has material for the night hours only (though some authors have inaccurately called it a "diurnal") and is the only section of this codex that has musical notation (Old Hispanic vertical, in ff. 210r-224v). It also contains: a calendar (ff. 1v-4r), a poem by "Florus Ysidori Abbati" in honour of the Psalter (f. 4v); a "Prefatio" by "HIERONIMI PR[e]SB[ite]RI" about how to say the psalms in different circumstances of the Christian life (ff.4v-5v); several full-page illustrations (ff. 6r-7v). These illustrations include: in f. 6r, a colophon revealing the names of the intended owners of this book: "FERDINANDI REGIS SVM LIBER NECNON ET SANCIA REGINA" (i.e. King Fernando I of León and his wife, queen Sancha) and under this illustration, in modern Spanish with modern script in red ink, "Fue de Fernando Iº, año 1055, lo escribió Pedro y lo iluminó Fructuoso", and in pencil, the era: "1093"; in f. 6v, a portrait of King Fernando I of León and Queen Sancha of León, and someone, probably the scribe, handing them a book, probably this psalterium-liber canticorum et horarum; f. 7r, the title of the book ..."LIB[e]R PSALMOR[um]"...; and in f. 7v, the first decorated initial and words of the first psalm. Ff. 207v and 208v are also fully illustrated: f. 207v mentions different kings of northern Iberia, with Fernando I as the last; ff. 208v has the names of scribe and illustrator as well as the date: "ERA MILENA NOVIES DENA QUOQUE TERNA PETRUS ERAT SCRIPTOR FRUCTOSUS DENIQ[UE] PICTOR". These illustrations have golden characters like several initials throughout this codex.

Date: the date is 1055 as specified in colophon in f. 208v. Note that some authors have misread the colophon (or copied another author misreading it) and proposed XXXX.

Provenance: the texts and the quality of the illustrations indicate that it was produced for king Fernando I of León. Even so, scholarship has debated about where exactly it was produced. Brockett (1968) proposed that even if it could have been produced in Galicia (where it currently is held), a Leonese origin is also possible because there were important monastic centres in León, such as Sahagún and Távara. Díaz y Díaz first believed that it could have been copied in Sahagún (1983); he later defended that its context of production was Castillian-Riojan (1991). More recently (2007), Díaz y Díaz wrote that this scribe "finished his work (...) undoubtedly at the court of León itself, under Queen Sancha's orders, although the palaeographical features of the Hours lead us to believe that he had received his refined training as a scribe in a center that makes us think more of links with Silos or Cardeña than with La Rioja, even if numerous reminders in his highly refined script show a clear aesthetic debt to Valeránica (...). Of course, at no time can he be considered to be from León on the basis of his writing" (p. 104). López-Calo (2007), recalling Díaz y Díaz (1983), argued that he believed that a likely origin would be León, and noted that the liber canticorum is related with the Carolingian world. Gutiérrez (2011) proposed that it was copied at the monastery of San Isidoro de León (called San Pelayo y San Juan before 1063, and which Fernando and Sancha converted into the Royal Pantheon) by a copyist related with Santo Domingo de Silos.

Liturgical tradition: A.

Randel responsorial tone tradition: León.

Shelf-mark: 
Ms 609
Century: 
Provenance: 
Kingdom of León (see "Description" above).
Rite: 
Script: 
Cursus: 
monastic
Category: 
Manuscript / Print: 
Material: 
Page layout (mm): 
310x220
Date: 
1055 as specified in colophon in f. 208v: "ERA MILENA NOVIES DENA QUOQUE TERNA" (i.e. era 1093). Date also specified in modern script Spanish in f. 62r (see "Description" above).
Indexed by: 

Raquel Rojo Carrillo

Bibliography: 

ASENSIO, Juan Carlos, El canto gregoriano: Historia, liturgia, formas… (Madrid: Alianza Música. Alianza Editorial, 2003).
BROCKETT, Clyde W., Antiphons, Responsories, and Other Chants of the Mozarabic Rite (Musicological Studies, 15. Brooklyn, New York: Institute of Mediaeval Music, 1968).
BROU, Dom Louis, "Notes de Paléographie musicale mozarabe", Anuario Musical, N. 5 (1952), 51-76 (pp. 74-5).
CLARK, Charles Upson, Collectanea Hispanica (Paris: Libraire Ancienne Honoré Champion Édouard Champion, September 1920), p. 31.
DÍAZ Y DÍAZ, Manuel C., "Some Incidental Notes on Music Manuscripts", in Zapke, Susana, (ed.), Hispania Vetus: Musical-Liturgical Manuscripts from Visigothic Origins to the Franco/Roman Transition (9th-12th Centuries) (Bilbao: Fundación BBVA, 2007), 93-111 (especially pp. 104-5).
Libros y librerías en La Rioja altomedieval (Logroño: Biblioteca de Temas Riojanos. Instituto de Estudios Riojanos, 1991), p. 179.
Códices visigóticos de la monarquía leonesa (León: Centro de Estudios e Investigación “San Isidoro”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Caja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad de León, y Archivo Histórico Diocesano, 1983), pp. 279-92.
DÍAZ Y DÍAZ, Manuel C. and Serafín MORALEJO ÁLVAREZ (preliminary study), and Mª Virtudes PARDO GÓMEZ and Mª Araceli GARCÍA PIÑEIRO (transcription of text), Libro de Horas de Fernando I de León (Scriptorium 8. Santiago de Compostela: Consellería de Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, 1995), 2 Vols.
FERNÁNDEZ DE LA CUESTA, Ismael, Historia de la música española: 1. Desde los orígenes hasta el “ars nova” (Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1983).
Manuscritos y fuentes musicales en España: Edad Media (Opera Omnia: Colección dirigida por Rodrigo de Zayas. Madrid: Editorial Alpuerto, 1980).
FÉROTIN, D.M., Le Liber Mozarabicus Sacramentorum et les manuscrits mozarabes (F. Cabrol, H. Leclercq, & M. Férotin (eds.), Monumenta Ecclesiae Liturgica, Vol. 6. Paris: Librairie de Firmin-Didot et Cie., 1912), pp. 931-6.
—"Deux manuscrits wisigothiques de la Bibliothèque de Ferdinand Ier roi de Castille et de Léon", Bibliothèque de l’École des chartes, Vol. 62 (1901), 374-87 (pp. 374-83).
GARCÍA VILLADA, Zacarías, Paleografía española (Madrid: Centro de Estudios Históricos, 1923), Vol. 1, pp. 95-6.
GÓMEZ MUNTANÉ, Maricarmen, La música medieval en España (Kassel: Edición Reichenberger, 2001).
GUTIÉRREZ, Carmen Julia, "Melodías del canto hispánico en el repertorio litúrgico poético de la Edad Media y el Renacimiento", in Férnandez de la Cuesta, Ismael, Rosario Álvarez Martínez and Ana Llorens Martín (eds.), El canto mozárabe y su entorno: Estudios sobre la música de la liturgia viejo hispánica (Madrid: Sociedad Española de Musicología, 2013), 547-75.
JANINI, José, Manuscritos litúrgicos de las bibliotecas de España: I. Castilla y Navarra (Burgos: Ediciones Aldecoa, 1977), pp. 246-7.
LÓPEZ CALO, José, "Psalterium et liber canticorum", in Zapke, Susana, (ed.), Hispania Vetus: Musical-Liturgical Manuscripts from Visigothic Origins to the Franco/Roman Transition (9th-12th Centuries) (Bilbao: Fundación BBVA, 2007), 256.
MILLARES CARLO, Agustín, Corpus de Códices Visigóticos, ed. M. C. Díaz y Díaz and others (Canarias: Fundación de Enseñanza Superior a Distancia de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 1999).
—"Manuscritos visigóticos. Notas bibliográficas", Hispania Sacra, Vol. 14, N. 28 (1961), 337-444.
PINELL, Jordi, "Los textos de la antigua liturgia hispánica. Fuentes para su estudio", in Rivera Recio, Juan Francisco (ed.), Estudios sobre la liturgia mozárabe (Publicaciones del Instituto Provincial de Investigaciones y Estudios Toledanos, serie 3. Toledo: Diputación Provincial, 1965), Vol. 1, 109-64 (pp. 118-20).
RANDEL, Don Michael, An Index to the Chant of the Mozarabic Rite (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1973).
The Responsorial Tones for the Mozarabic Office (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1969).
RIAÑO, Juan Facundo, Classical and Bibliographical Notes on Early Spanish Music (London: B. Quaritch, 1887), pp. 26-7.
ROJO, Casiano and Germán PRADO, El canto mozárabe: Estudio histórico-crítico de su antigüedad y estado actual (Publicaciones del Departamento de Música, 5. Barcelona: Biblioteca Central. Diputación Provincial de Barcelona, 1929), p. 24.

Submitted by Raquel Rojo Carrillo
Post date: 15 Apr 2017 | Last update: 01 Nov 2022

Chants of the source

Displaying 1 - 100 of 312 chants.
Folio Incipit Feast Mode Cantus ID
135r 1 Liga testimonium signa legem in... X CaH * h04648
136r 1 Ecce dominator dominus exercituum... X CaH * h04676
137r 1 Deus judicii dominus beati omnes... X CaH * h04677
138r 1 Confortate manus dissolutas et... X CaH * h04678
138v 1 Consolamini consolamini popule... X CaH * h04679
139v 1 Ecce dominus deus in fortitudine... X CaH * h04680
140r 1 Cantate domino canticum novum laus... X CaH * h04681
140v 1 Haec dicit dominus redemptor... X CaH * h04682
141r 1 Attendite ad me popule meus et X CaH * h04683
142r 1 Consurge consurge induere... X CaH * h04684
142v 1 Haec dicit dominus custodite... X CaH * h04685
143r 1 Juravit dominus in dextera sua et X CaH * h04686
143v 1 Magnificat anima mea dominum et... X CaH * h04641
143v 2 Rorate caeli desuper et nubes... X CaH * h04687
145r 1 Nunc dimittis servum tuum domine... X CaH * h04642
145v 1 Surge illuminare Jerusalem quia... X CaH * h04688
147r 1 Haec dicit dominus vox in excelso X CaH * h04689
148r 1 Clama ne cesses quasi tuba exalta X CaH * h04690
148v 1 Recordare domine quid acciderit... X CaH * h04691
149v 1 Quaeso domine deus caeli fortis... X CaH * h01906
150v 1 Deus altissimus magnanimis... X CaH * h01907
151v 1 Magnus es domine in aeternum et X CaH * h04692
152r 1 Miserere nostri deus omnium et... X CaH * h01908
153r 1 Benedictus es domine deus patrum... X CaH * h04693
154r 1 Domine domine deus omnium creator... X CaH * h04694
154v 1 Tu domine demonstrasti mihi et ego X CaH * h04695
155r 1 Tu scis domine recordare mei et X CaH * h04696
155v 1 Attende domine ad me et audi X CaH * h04697
156r 1 Seduxisti me domine et seductus... X CaH * h04698
157r 1 Contrititum est cor meum in medio X CaH * h04699
157v 1 Nolite credere amico et nolite... X CaH * h04700
157v 2 Tollam vos de gentibus et... X CaH * h04701
158r 1 Juda te laudabunt fratres tui... X CaH * h01921
158v 1 Ante me non est formatus deus X CaH * h01920
159v 1 Quis est iste quia venit de X CaH * h01919
160r 1 Haec dicit dominus exercituum deus... X CaH * h01918
160v 1 Venite revertamur ad dominum quia... X CaH * h01917
160v 2 Expecta me dicit dominus in diem X CaH * h01916
161r 1 Vidi signum in caelo magnum et X CaH * h04702
161v 1 Laudem dicite domino deo nostro... X CaH * h04703
162r 1 Spiritus domini super me eo quod X CaH * h04704
162r 2 Datio dei permanet justis et... X CaH * h04705
162v 1 Qui sponte obtulistis de Israel... X CaH * h04706
163r 1 Vos sancti domini vocavimini... X CaH * h04707
163v 1 Laetamini cum Jerusalem et... X CaH * h04708
164r 1 Ecce civitas virtus et salvatio... X CaH * h04709
164v 1 Benedictus vir qui confidit in... X CaH * h04710
165r 1 Priusquam errarem quaesivi... X CaH * h04711
166r 1 Ecce servus meus suscipiam eum... X CaH * h04712
166r 2 Haec dicit dominus creans te Jacob X CaH * h04713
166v 1 Qui facit misericordiam salvat... X CaH * h04714
167r 1 Confitebor tibi domine rex et... X CaH * h04715
167v 1 Benedictus dominus deus Israel... X CaH * h04643
168r 1 Audite me divini fructus et quasi X CaH * h01913
168r 2 Gaudens gaudebo in domino et... X CaH * h04716
169r 1 Lauda filia Sion jubila Israel... X CaH * h04717
169v 1 Lauda et laetare filia Sion quia X CaH * h04718
169v 2 Domine deus Israel non est similis X CaH * h04719
170v 1 Luce clara fulgebis in omnibus... X CaH * h04720
171v 1 Apprehende vitam aeternam in qua... X CaH * h04721
171v 2 Assumpta parabola sua dixit Balaam... X CaH * h04722
172r 1 Domine audivi vocem tuam et timui X CaH * h04723
172v 1 Cantemus domino gloriose enim... X CaH * h04724
174r 1 Cantabo nunc dilecto canticum... X CaH * h04725
174v 1 Urbs fortitudinis nostrae salvator... X CaH * h04726
175r 1 Domine dabis pacem nobis omnia... X CaH * h04727
175v 1 Audite qui longe estis quae... X CaH * h04728
176r 1 Clamavi de tribulatione mea ad... X CaH * h04729
176v 1 Domine qui habitas in aeternum... X CaH * h01914
177v 1 Attende caelum et loquar audiat... X CaH * h04730
178r 1 Confirmatum est cor meum in domino X CaH * h04731
179r 1 Benedictus dominus deus Israel... X CaH * h04732
179v 1 Confitebor tibi domine quoniam... X CaH * h04733
179v 2 Domine miserere nostri te enim... X CaH * h04734
180r 1 Domine domine rex omnipotens in... X CaH * h04735
180v 1 Deducant oculi mei lacrimas per... X CaH * h04736
181r 1 Domine deus ne disperdas populum... X CaH * h04737
181r 2 Domine deus patrum nostrorum tu es X CaH * h04738
181v 1 Domine deus meus es tu exaltabo X CaH * h04739
182v 1 Domine exercituum deus Israel qui... X CaH * h04740
182v 2 Ego dixi in dimidio dierum meorum X CaH * h04741
183v 1 Juravit dominus exercituum per... X CaH * h04742
183v 2 Laetare juvenis in adulescentia... X CaH * h04743
184v 1 Scio enim quod redemptor meus... X CaH * h04744
184v 2 Si apprenderentur peccata mea... X CaH * h04745
185v 1 Militia est vita hominis super... X CaH * h04746
186v 1 Semper enim quasi tumentes fluctus... X CaH * h04747
187v 1 Benedictus dominus qui dedit... X CaH * h04748
188r 1 Afferte domino filiae populorum... X CaH * h04749
188v 1 In extremo diae et ultimo judicio X CaH * h04750
189v 1 Haec dicit dominus justi in... X CaH * h04751
190r 1 Omnis sapientiae a domino deo est X CaH * h04752
190v 1 Dilectio dei honorabilis... X CaH * h04753
191v 1 Filii accedens ad servitutem dei... X CaH * h04754
191v 2 Crede deo et recuperavit te dirige X CaH * h04755
192v 1 Haec dicit dominus ecce ego mittam X CaH * h04756
193r 1 Haec dicit dominus convertimini et... X CaH * h04757
193v 1 Benedictus dominus in hac die qui X CaH * h04758
194r 1 Clamabimus ad dominum deum patrem... X CaH * h04759
194v 1 Deus vocavit me ex Aegypto cujus X CaH * h04760

Pages